A constructive exercise project may be as good as or
better than frequently prescribed drugs for some common cardiovascular
ailments, a large meta-analysis has found.
Researchers evaluated 57 randomized trials testing the outcome
on mortality of exercise and drugs in four prevention regimens: the secondary
prevention of coronary heart disease, rehabilitation from stroke, treatment of heart failure and prevention of Type 2 diabetes. The review, published online
in BMJ, involved more than 14,000 patients. The studies used different shorts
of drugs - statins for the prevention of coronary heart disease, blood thinners
for stroke, diuretics for heart failure and biguanides like Glucophage and
Metaglip for forthcoming diabetes.
They found no difference in mortality between exercise
and drug interventions in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease or
Type 2 diabetes. For stroke prevention, exercise programs were more effective
than anticoagulants or anti-platelet medicines. And for treating heart failure,
diuretic drugs were more efficient than exercise.
The lead author, Huseyin Naci, a fellow at Harvard
Medical School, said that in most of the trials, patients were doing structured
exercise programs in combination with drugs.
These findings do not expose that patients should go off
their medications and start exercising instead.
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